MUSLIMS AND THE FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION IN EUROPE: A CASE STUDY OF POST-9/11 MAJOR CONTROVERSIES

Abstract

This article discusses the rising anti-Muslim sentiment in the European media after 9/11 with special reference to the Dutch cartoon and film controversies. The article examines the circumstances emerged after 9/11 that affected Islam-West relations and their impact on the Western and particularly European media. Viewpoint of the filmmaker and publishers of cartoons are given space with historical and chronological account of publications. Brief analysis of Muslim reaction and its response from the media outlets concerned is also done the outcome of which is also shared in the conclusion.